Electricity Malfunctions - Inspection and Solutions

Inspecting the Building Electrically and Treating Electrical Faults:

All establishments today contain a significant number of electrical systems that are concerned with operating and monitoring home appliances, making them one of the most important and widely used systems in homes and establishments. With the rise in demand and need for them, electrical malfunctions also increase when safety and laws are not observed in their installation and use. We note that all facilities, such as residential, medical, military, and commercial facilities, may contain electrical systems similar in design and use, but differences in use and consumption between different facilities must be taken into account, in addition to developing periodic maintenance plans to ensure safe and sound operation over appropriate periods of time.

The Most Important Electrical Points Where Electrical Malfunctions Occur:

1. Electrical Malfunction in The Main Line Feeding the Facility or The Main Panel:

Power is supplied to the facilities through the electricity distribution substations of the Electricity Company, and delivered to the facilities via power distribution lines. When it reaches the facility, it is connected to the main power panels that contain electrical breakers for protection and maintenance purposes, and also contain digital meters to calculate the facility’s electrical consumption. Here comes the role of the company's engineers in examining these lines through electrical fault detection devices for the power lines, and knowing the values of the voltages and currents that are drawn from these lines to evaluate the validity of the power lines, their age, and their efficiency.

2. Electrical Malfunction in the Sub-Power Distribution Panels:

The facility is divided according to use into several sections (commercial facilities into shops - residential facilities into several apartments - division of health facilities into medical departments) and each section has a sub-power distribution panel, which contains electrical circuit breakers for protection and maintenance purposes, and an output from each breaker Electrical An electrical sub-circuit that is connected to electrical points in parallel to ensure that each electrical point receives equal electrical voltage and consumes electrical current as needed. Upon examination, through a group of electrical faults checking devices used by the company's engineers, they check the panel breakers to ensure the safety of the breakers, the absence of any electrical leakage from the cables connected to the panels, and to address connection errors.

3. Electrical Malfunction in Electrical Circuits:

The electrical circuits in facilities are divided into:

1. Lighting supply circuits.
2. Power supply circuits.
3. Low power circuits.

It is fed from the sub-distribution panel with appropriate electrical wires that are extended hidden in the facility. Among the most important methods of protecting electrical systems in facilities are:

• Overload protection circuit breakers.
• Ground circuit breakers for protection against electrical leakage.
• Circuit breakers for protection against voltage surges.
• Cooling systems for electrical connections and electronic parts.
• Grounding systems for installations.

The company's engineers examine the lighting and its intensity, examine all electrical circuits within the facility, ensure the safety of the circuit breakers, and give advice and instructions regarding their maintenance and preservation. We will notify you of any defect in the electrical circuits, systems, or breakers, and all of the above will be mentioned in a detailed report issued by the company, explaining all existing electrical defects, how to treat them, and what materials are recommended to be used.

Study and Examination of Electrical Protection Systems and Circuit Breakers:

Overload Protection Circuit Breakers Protect You in the Event of An Electrical Fault:

When power is connected to the electrical points in the facility, it is connected in parallel to ensure the delivery of an equal voltage difference, suitable for each electrical point, but with different values of the current that is consumed from each point as needed, and depending on the device used at that point, as a specific device can consume energy. Large, which leads to a large current draw, and this causes an electrical malfunction represented by damage to the socket or melting of the wire insulation.

Also, a malfunction in one of the electrical devices or connections in that sub-circuit leads to an increase in the value of the electric current passing through that circuit, and continuing to rise to very high values may lead to fires, or health or material damage to the residents of that facility, and this is one of the most common. Electricity faults are widespread.

Therefore, overload protection breakers are installed that disconnect the electrical current for protection. The company’s engineers examine the electrical circuits, ensure the integrity of the wires, in addition to examining the breakers and their extensions and the correctness of their connections, and inform you of ways to solve electrical faults, if they exist.

Ground Leakage Protection Circuit Breakers (RCCB):

The passage of electrical energy in circuits is through electrical wires, starting from the feeding wire (phase) and passing through the electrical point to feed the device, and then returning through the neutral wire (netter).

The ground leakage protection breaker (RCCB) reads the currents passing through the previous two wires, and ensures that the values between the two wires match to ensure that electrical energy does not leak outside the circuit, which, if it leaks, may cause fires or damage. Our engineering team examines electrical leaks and suggests solutions if they exist.

Circuit Breakers for Protection Against Voltage Surges:

To ensure the safe operation of devices, the electricity company is concerned with delivering a safe and stable voltage difference to all connection points in the facilities, but the occurrence of electrical faults in the electricity distribution network may lead to problems with the flow of voltage within the facilities, which in turn may lead to several problems for electrical devices.

The voltage surge protection circuit breaker is concerned with monitoring the flow of voltage through it to electrical circuits, ensuring their safety, and disconnecting power from the circuit in the event of a defect in its supply.

Cooling Systems for Electrical Connections and Electronic Parts:

When electrical energy passes through a conductor, a heating process occurs due to the collision of the movement of electrons in the molecules of that conductor, which causes an increase in temperature. If the temperature rises to high values, it may cause the insulation surrounding the conductor to collapse, or the failure of some of the electronic parts used to control devices, so some people resort to installing cooling systems for electrical connections and electronic parts to maintain their temperature within the normal range.

Grounding Systems for Installations:

Some electrical devices contain an external structure made of an electrically conductive material (aluminum). Contact of this structure with electrical parts and connections may pose a threat to the safety of the users of these devices. Therefore, the electrical points are connected to additional wires (other than the supply wire and the neutral wire) connected to grounding systems to discharge these charges. Electrical energy that is harmful to the ground in a safe and secure manner and away from the residents of these facilities. Building Rank engineers work to inspect the grounding lines and inform you of the solutions in the event of any defect in them.

Finally: Taking all of the previous protection methods does not protect against the risks of malfunctioning electrical systems, the occurrence of which could cause fires, or health or material damage to the facility’s residents. Some of the causes of these malfunctions that cannot be detected by the previous methods are:

• When large currents continue to be drawn for periods of time on electrical connections with inappropriate sizes and cross-sectional areas, the temperature of the conductor may rise to a degree that damages the insulation surrounding the wire, causing it to collapse and an electrical short-circuit to occur, causing an electrical fire.
• When an error occurs in the process of establishing electrical points and a breach occurs in the insulation surrounding the electrical connectors, which may cause a dangerous leakage of electrical current to some objects and in turn to a nearby person, and many, many other reasons.

The Role of BUILDING RANK Regarding the Electrical Systems Standard:

BUILDING RANK examines and evaluates buildings and operating systems and evaluates potential electrical faults based on Jordanian and international standards and specifications such as:

• American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards.
• The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC).
• Jordanian National Electrical Code (NEC).
• British Standards (BS).

To ensure the safety and reliability of the operation of all systems within facilities, our cadre of engineers examines the facility’s electrical systems, using devices specialized in detecting electrical faults in the electrical system to identify them, learn how to solve them, and write a periodic maintenance plan to ensure its safe operation.

At BUILDING RANK, we inspect the electrical points and connections between them, in addition to the foundation at the beginning of the work, and ensure the suitability of the protection systems used to reduce the risk of problems occurring in the facility’s electrical systems.